Utilisation refers to the use of waste as a source of energy, for example by incinerating it or converting it into biogas. There are several methods of waste utilisation, such as

• Thermal utilisation: waste is incinerated using high temperatures and the resulting heat energy is used to generate electricity.
• Biological utilisation: Waste is decomposed by microorganisms to produce biogas.
• Chemical recycling: Waste is chemically treated to convert it into simpler components that can be used as raw materials for new products.

Recycling waste has both environmental and economic benefits. It reduces the amount of waste going to landfill and can help reduce dependence on fossil fuels and increase energy efficiency. It can also help to strengthen the local economy by creating jobs in waste utilisation and energy production.

However, it is important to note that recycling waste is not always the best method, as some processes can have a negative impact on the environment, such as the generation of greenhouse gases or the emission of pollutants into the air. A comprehensive waste strategy should combine waste prevention, reuse, recycling and recovery.